Treating Age-Related Macular Degeneration: An Overview of Options

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss among individuals aged 50 and older. This condition affects the macula, the part of the retina responsible for sharp central vision needed for activities like reading, driving, and recognizing faces. While there is no cure for AMD, advances in treatment have made it possible to manage the condition effectively and slow its progression.

Understanding the Types of AMD

AMD comes in two main forms: dry and wet.

•          Dry AMD: This more common type occurs when the macula thins over time due to aging, leading to gradual vision loss. It often progresses slowly.

•          Wet AMD: A less common but more severe form, wet AMD is characterized by abnormal blood vessel growth under the retina, which can cause rapid vision loss if untreated.

Nutritional Supplements

For individuals with intermediate dry AMD or advanced AMD in one eye, specific vitamins and minerals have shown promise in slowing disease progression. The Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) developed a formulation that includes:

•          Vitamin C

•          Vitamin E

•          Zinc

•          Copper

•          Lutein and zeaxanthin

These supplements do not cure AMD but can help reduce the risk of further vision loss in certain cases.

Anti-VEGF Injections

For those with wet AMD, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections are a standard treatment. These medications, such as Avastin®, Lucentis®, or Eylea®, inhibit the growth of abnormal blood vessels in the retina and can prevent or even improve vision loss. The injections are administered directly into the eye, often on a recurring schedule determined by your eye care provider.

Laser Therapy

In some cases, laser therapy may be used to treat wet AMD by targeting and destroying abnormal blood vessels. This treatment is less common than anti-VEGF injections but can be effective for specific patients.

Low Vision Aids

For individuals with advanced AMD, low vision aids can be a valuable tool for maintaining independence. These devices include magnifying glasses, specialized computer software, and wearable technology designed to enhance remaining vision.

Preventing Further Vision Loss

While treatments can help manage AMD, preventive steps can also make a difference:

•          Quit smoking, as it increases AMD risk.

•          Wear sunglasses with UV protection to shield your eyes from harmful rays.

•          Maintain a diet rich in leafy greens, fish, and other nutrient-dense foods.

•          Schedule regular eye exams to monitor for early signs of AMD.

Schedule Your Eye Exam Today

Age-related macular degeneration doesn’t have to mean the end of your independence or quality of life. With the right treatment and lifestyle adjustments, it’s possible to slow its progression and preserve your vision for as long as possible.

If you or a loved one is concerned about AMD or experiencing changes in vision, schedule a comprehensive eye exam with Family Vision Clinic. Visit our office in Wilmington, North Carolina, or call (910) 392-4414 to book an appointment today.